This study presents a simple robust and environmentally friendly solid phase preconcentration procedure for multielement determination by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) using diphenylcarbazone (DPC) impregnated TiO2 nanopowder (= 50 mL) and the final elution volume (V= 2 mL). by others using ICP-OES. As can be seen off-line methods require relatively large volumes sample solutions to attain suitable detection limits for ICP-OES measurements. In this method comparable detection limits were accomplished using smaller quantities of sample solutions. On-line methods often provide better sampling rate due to smaller quantities used. Yet the operating conditions (pH and circulation rates) and detection limits are not very different from Lidocaine (Alphacaine) those of off-line methods. It is also clear that studies including ICP-MS determinations provide lower detection limits because of the inherent level of sensitivity and lower background of ICP-MS technique. Table 2 Assessment of analytical overall performance of DPC impregnated n-TiO2 chelating column with additional chelating supports utilized for trace element preconcentration 3.7 Real sample analysis In order to validate the method sub-samples of qualified reference materials FCGR1A of freshwater (SRM 1643e) and Lobster Hepatopancreas research material (TORT-2) were analyzed. The samples were prepared as explained in section 2.6 in a total volume of 50 mL. Lidocaine (Alphacaine) The results are summarized in Table 3 for SRM 1643e and TORT-2. For all elements the experimental concentrations acquired using the preconcentration process was within the 95% confidence interval of the qualified ideals. The determinations in tap water and lake water samples were made for 100 mL samples pre-concentrated into 2 mL of 5% (v/v) HNO3 and the results are summarized in Table 4. The recoveries from spiked water samples assorted between 92 to 101% which were deemed accurate at 95% confidence interval demonstrating the preconcentration method by using a minicolumn of DPC-impregnated n-TiO2 would afford quantitative dedication of the trace elements in water samples by ICP-OES. Table 3 Method limits Lidocaine (Alphacaine) of detection (LOD) and the results from analysis of Freshwater (SRM 1643e) and Lobster hepatopancreas (TORT-2) qualified reference materials Table 4 Results for Co Cr Cu Fe Mn and Zn from tap water and lake water samples Lidocaine (Alphacaine) 4 Conclusions With this study a simple and cost effective preconcentration method has been developed and validated using a mini-column of diphenylcarbazone impregnated n-TiO2 for solid phase preconcentration of Co Cr Cu Fe Lidocaine (Alphacaine) Mn and Zn from water and biological samples. The method utilizes environmentally friendly methods and materials. The DPC-impregnated n-TiO2 sorbent possesses high stability and long lifetime for up to 35 runs against treatment with dilute mineral acids without any significant switch in the recoveries. The trace elements could be removed from the column with 2 mL of 5% (v/v) HNO3 or HCl which is also advantageous to accomplish higher enrichment factors in analysis samples with very low elemental concentrations. In most applications both ICP-OES and FAAS lack the detection power for dedication of the selected metallic ions and additional weighty metals in natural water samples and biological materials. The preconcentration process presented here affords high capacity and ability for achieving the desired level of sensitivity for accurate dedication of trace metals by ICP-OES and FAAS. Acknowledgments This work is funded in part by grants from NIH-RCMI System (Give No. G12RR013459) and NIH-ERDA System (Give No. 5 G11 HD046519-05) to Jackson State University or college. Footnotes The views indicated herein are those of authors and don’t necessarily represent the official views of the NIH and any of its sub.